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Building A Computer From Scratch

SafetyThe first thing you should do locate on the motherboard(usually close
before beginning any project is to be to the front and bottom
safe. of the case)the jumper panel usually
When dealing with electricity is labeled 1.
dangerous. By now your probably telling It is arranged as a selection of pins.
me Due to the variety of different
that I'm stating the obvious, but many configurations it is easier to refer to
people try building their own PC and the manual on this.
burn up their hardware, or worse, their In the manual you will also find out
home.First Things FirstTo start with, you what to do with all of the other USB and
need some basic tools: Audio ribbon cables inside
Phillips screwdrivers your case.Plug In Your Mother boardDo
antistatic grounding straps not plug the computer in to the wall
small flashlight(I use the light on my outlet yet. We are simply plugging in the
cell phone) power supply to the motherboard.
And most importantly: YOUR HEAD.Now We Refer to the manual for proper fit. ATX
Begin1. Locating the components for your has at least two variation of plugs the
project can be a lengthy task. small type from the
Compatibility is the most important. The power supply is compatible to the large
parts must fit both, electrically and type on the motherboard if plugged up
physically.2. Locate a case be sure to properly.Plug in Your DrivesHard disks
balance cost with quality. Note the power and CD-ROM drives use slavery. I know
supply wattage, the number of drive bays your thinking I'm pulling your leg but
and board compatibility.3. Locate a I'm not.
motherboard scalability is key. You want If your using only one hard drive set it
to be able to upgrade. to "master" by moving the jumper on the
You also want to count expansion slots, drive to master.
note the type of slots(PCI, PCI Express, It is usually labeled on the drive
AGP and so on). itself. Plug in the IDE cable from the
You need to note all data concerning hard disc
memory speed, type, max capacity and so to the "primary" IDE port on the
on. motherboard. It is usually labeled
You need to know the BIOS(read the too(sometimes it is colored blue).
manual that comes with your board) Since there is only one disk it is
Warning: Overclocking is risky. I don't master(you really only need one disk
recommend it You could loose valuable 320gb is more than enough)
data, If you wish to connect more than one
Or worse, you could fry your system!.4. CD-ROM "type"(DVD, CDR, DVDR ect..) Drive
Locate a processor. Note the socket type then use a dual
that your mother board supports(LGA775, IDE cable and set one of the drives to
socket A ect...) master and one to slave Then connect the
Try to find a bundle kit with heat-sink cable from the two drives
and fan to insure compatibility. Avoid to the secondary IDE port on the
OEM, OEM motherboard. Be sure to fully install all
Stands for Original Equipment the
Manufacturer These products come with drives in the case before hooking up the
Logo labels. plugs and IDE cables. Use screws
You have to obtain a license to use supplied.
them.5. Locate RAM(system memory). Note Plug in all the power plugs in all the
the type of memory supported by your drives from the power supply.
mother board. Match the same type to After installing the floppy or card
insure compatibility(some type are reader plug in the special IDE and/or the
reverse compatible).6. Locate a hard Internal USB to the
drive. The more storage space and the Motherboard The IDE has a special twist
higher the speed the better. in it so be sure to connect it
I.E. 320GB at 7200RPM. Note the type as properly(usually labeled)
well(ATA, SATA, Internal or external).7. Its smaller than the rest so plug it in
Locate floppy, CD, CDR., CDRW, DVD, DVDR, to the "floppy IDE" port on the
DVDRW drives of your choice. motherboard.
Note the number of bays in your case and If its a card reader or a combo floppy
the max allowable IDE devices for your card reader then plug in the internal USB
motherboard. to an available
You may use USB or SATA if your board USB Jumper Panel(refer to the manual for
supports it.8. Locate a video card. Note your mother board).
slot type. It must match your mother Plug in the special power plug into the
board.9. Locate a sound card PCI is floppy drive.Plug In your RAMWhen
standard I recommend Sound Blaster for installing the RAM be sure to slide each
compatibility. card in the correct direction and facing
If your board already has integrated the right way.
video and sound, you can ignore the last They can really only go in one way but
two statements this keeps you from damaging them by
Unless you wish to bypass them. You then trying to force them.Install The
need to do that in BIOS(read the ProcessorBe sure to install the processor
manual).Put It All TogetherFirst, use in the correct direction. Apply Heat-sink
that grounding strap. It will keep your Grease to the top of the
delicate components safe from ESD processor and install the heat-sink and
(Electro-Static Discharge) AKA static. fan according to the instructions that
ESD is the No.1 killer of computer came with your heat-sink
systems in general. or motherboard.Plug In Your Expansion
Lightening generates it in phone CardsTo plug in the expansion cards IE.
lines.Its time to use that screwdriver. video cards, network cards, sound cards
Begin by opening the case. It should come ect.
with all Match slot type(PCI to PCI; AGP to AGP;
the screws and fasteners you need. PCI express to PCI express).
Start by inspecting the case. Be sure it Be sure to remove the slot cover for the
comes with a power supply if it does not selected slot then install the card.
then buy one. Be sure to place a screw to hold the
Remove the I/0 plate on the back of the expansion card so it does not come
case and install the one that comes with out of place.
your motherboard. All card basically follow the same
This is to insure a perfect fit. installation instructions.The Final
Inspect the screw holes on the CheckTake the time to look over the
motherboard and note their locations. system and be sure all plugs are properly
Install the screw extensions(usually installed. If you have any doubts
brass)that came with your case (in the ask don't be afraid to ask someone in
same pattern of the mother board). the field of computers to help you or you
Be sure to read the installation can contact me.Connect The External
instructions of your processor. Some StuffYou can now connect your monitor,
socket types require you to install keyboard, mouse and install your
a backing plate underneath the board to operating system.
support the heat-sink prior to board After your operating system is installed
installation. be sure to install all the software
Install the motherboard carefully. Use provided with your motherboard,
supplied screws(match Thread).Wiring The video card, sound card, disk drives,
Motherboard To the CaseI felt that this monitor, and other input devices.Your
subject needed its own title because of DoneWell you did it. Was it tough? It
the complexity. gets easier every time you do it.
You will find al sorts of wires inside I hope you did not have any serious
the case with black plugs at the ends. problems.
They are labeled. Usually one colored Problems crop up almost every time you
wire twisted around a white wire. build a PC.
The colored wire is usually the positive Its how you solve those problems that
and the white negative. matters. Well Good luck!I was born in
Polarity matters so be sure to read the Albuquerque, New Mexico. I was always
manual that came with your mother board. fascinated with computers and electronics
The plugs are labeled as followed as a child. I completed the Cisco
HDDLED; PWRLED; PWRSW; RESETSW; SPEAKER. Networking Academy course in At Mary G.
These plugs Montgomery High School and attended the
are for the lights and switches on the University of South Alabama majoring in
case and are in some variation of the computer engineering but never completed.
above. I'm mostly self taught.
Use that little flashlight of yours to




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